Résumé: In the Algerian-Tunisian border region lies the Tebessa plain, which belongs to the Saharan Atlas domain and is characterized by a semi-arid climate and high salinity, often rendering the groundwater unusable. The objective of this research is to highlight groundwater salinization using statistical and geostatistical methods to model this spatial heterogeneity. A total of 30 data points were used, and the statistical analysis revealed a strong association between chlorides, sulfates, electrical conductivity, and values significantly exceeding the standards. Surface and directional variograms for EC (electrical conductivity), SO4 (sulfates), and Cl (chlorides) exhibit anisotropy, with the major axis showing a hole effect and a periodicity of 5 km. Geostatistical mapping through ordinary kriging allowed us to identify areas of high salinity and deduce the underlying cause; which is the dissolution of gypsiferous formations. These results were confirmed by thermodynamics and Sr2+/Ca2+ ratio.

Résumé: The Boumaiza Plain is situated in the northeast of Algeria and encompasses a vast area of the El-Kebir West watershed, which has a significant water potential. The intensification of agriculturalactivities in this region has led to a notable increase in the use of phytosanitary products, whichmay impact the physico-chemical quality of groundwater and soil. A sampling campaign wasconducted in 2022 to assess the impact of agriculture. To achieve this aim, we analysed 12 points,comprising 7 wells and 5 boreholes, as well as the grain size and physicochemical characteristicsof 12 soil samples. The methodology employed for processing the analysis results is based onmultivariate statistical methods. The results of the analyses revealed pollution of agriculturalorigin. This is substantiated by the observation of relatively high levels of nutrients, includingNO2, NO3, as well as potassium which exceed 5 mg/l in water and 40.76 mg/l for soil analyses.Principal component analysis (PCA) was also applied, while the opposition of physicochemicalelements to nitrites, nitrites, chlorides, sulfates, ammonium, and potassium variables highlightsanother mechanism involved in water mineralization, which is governed by the inputs of surfacewater fromagricultural areas and the intrusion of rich in organic matter waste from domesti-cated animals. (PDF) Impact of agriculture on soil and water quality in the north-east of Algeria: Boumaiza Plain. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/387495081_Impact_of_agriculture_on_soil_and_water_quality_in_the_north-east_of_Algeria_Boumaiza_Plain#fullTextFileContent [accessed Feb 15 2025].

Résumé: This article presents an approach to the assessment of the environmental impact of a dam construction for agricultural use in the Boutheldja region. This region’s environment is rich in natural resources and forms a part of the El Kala National Park (P.N.E.K). It was designated a wetland of international importance under the Ramsar convention by UNESCO in 1983 and later declared a biosphere reserve in 1990. It is among the most significant aquatic areas in this region (contains about 40% of surface water resources). The physical characteristics of the watershed support the construction of the dam, although there could be a number of unfavorable effects: upstream – including soil erosion and reservoir sedimentation, reduced storage capacity, lower water quality and loss of productivity of flooded area; downstream – removal of silt from downstream flows, loss of fertilising functions, changes in water quality, changes in productivity, reduction in natural floods, loss of access to resources and ecological disturbance. Such processes will have an impact on an ecosystem so fragile. Although Boukhroufa dam provides significant benefits to the city, such as controlling stream regime, preventing floods, and supplying agricultural water from stored water, it also has significant negative effects on the surrounding watershed ecosystem.

Résumé: The current investigation was carried out to assess spring water quality in Ain Larbi, South of Guelma, Algeria. Physico chemical analyses were implemented to examine twenty water samples, gathered between January and July of 2022. For the first time in this region, water was characterized using a geostatistical modeling, principal component analysis (PCA), and ion exchange index. As part of the first inventory of water points in this region, a number of 16 parameters were investigated. The principal component analysis (PCA) applied on the standardized parameters identify factors responsible for variations and mineral correlation. Based on this methodology, groundwater quality in Ain Larbi area is primarily affected by weathering, geochemical processes, and human activities. The geostatistical modelling was calculated for each station based on physicochemical parameters during the wet and dry seasons. The results emphasize how groundwater ion concentrations are impacted by hydrogeological regimes (wet and dry seasons) as well as interactions between water and rocks. The findings demonstrate that every water sample taken into account for this investigation comes from a karst source evidenced by the geological section realized in this area. Limestone dissolution was also one of the proposed causes of elevated bicarbonate concentrations in the northern part of the investigated area. In this work, we identified that the findings from kriging, ion exchange index, and PCA were nearly identical, with a geographical distribution that provides a map of parameter distribution in the studied areas. The results concluded that geostatistical approach was found to be the best method compared to others. These results create a comprehensive database for the research area's groundwater management.