Résumé: ABSTRACT The aim of the study was to determine seasonal variations of two biomarkers of oxidative stress, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and malondialdehyde (MDA), and their correlation with lipidcarbohydrate metabolism in the edible bivalve Donax trunculus. The samples were collected during the four seasons in 2014 at two sites in the Gulf of Annaba (northeast of Algeria): El Battah, which is some distance from any source of pollution, is considered a relatively clean site, while Sidi Salem is a site exposed to various sources of industrial, urban and harbour pollution. The results show a significant decrease in LDH activity in Sidi Salem D. trunculus compared with those at El Battah. Moreover, carbohydrate levels increased significantly in Sidi Salem. The MDA rate increased significantly in Sidi Salem relative to El Battah, while the amounts of lipid showed a significant decrease. The lipid and carbohydrate metabolism was negatively correlated with LDH and MDA. This difference between the two sites was observed for all seasons, with more effect in spring and summer. The results obtained showed that under stressful conditions due to anthropogenic factors,some physiological processes of D. trunculus can be affected. Thus, D. trunculus appears to be a suitable sentinel species for the assessment of ecotoxicological risk in the Gulf of Annaba.

Résumé: Our study was aim to assess the responses of three biomarkers, Acetylcholinesterase (AChE), Glutathione S-transferase (GST) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) in various tissues (gonad, mantle, digestive gland) of Donax trunculus (Bivalvia, Donacidae), a Mollusk Bivalve bioindicator of pollution in the Gulf of Annaba (Algeria). The samples were collected during the four seasons (winter, spring, summer, autumn) of 2016 year in three sites of Annaba gulf; Sidi Salem, site exposed to various sources of industrial and harbor pollution; Echatt, site subject to urban and agricultural wastes; and El Battah site distant from any source of pollution. The results showed a significant inhibition of AChE and induction of GST and MDA in individuals of Sidi Salem and Echatt as compared to El Battah with significant effects of both site and season. Indeed, the season effect was showed an inhibition of AChE and an induction of GST and MDA more pronounced during summer and spring compared to the other seasons. In addition, the comparison between tissues revealed a more marked responses in gonad than mantle and digestive gland.

Résumé: Algeria by its geographical position, geological configuration and the diversity of its climate presents an important richness of national and international wetlands. However, due to lack of information and sensitization, these wetlands are being degraded both by anthropogenic activities and by their underexploitation or overexploitation in the context of the valorization of their natural products. Thus, the Algerian Ministry of Environment has created the Environment Houses, whose main missions are education,information and sensitization on the protection and conservation of the environment in general. In this context, a survey was conducted in a few schools at all levels in four cities in northeastern of Algeria (Annaba, El Tarf, Skikda, Souk-Ahras) to assess the importance of environmental education and sensitization in the preservation of wetlands. The results showed that schools sensitized through environmental education campaigns led by Houses of Environment, have more knowledge about wetlands and their preservation, compared to those not sensitized. Indeed, this study has highlighted the primary role of environment houses in environmental education and sensitization of the need to protect and enhance these wetlands.